Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is a condition in which malignant cells form in the lining of the stomach. Although its incidence has declined globally, it remains a significant health concern, particularly in countries with high rates of Helicobacter pylori infection. Dr. Partha Mukhopadhyay, one of Kolkata’s leading oncologists, provides valuable insights into the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for stomach cancer.
What is Stomach Cancer?
Stomach cancer develops from the cells lining the stomach and can spread to other parts of the body. The most common type is adenocarcinoma, which starts in the mucus-producing cells of the stomach lining. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment, but stomach cancer is often diagnosed in later stages due to its subtle initial symptoms.
Symptoms of Stomach Cancer
Stomach cancer symptoms can be vague and are often mistaken for less serious conditions like indigestion or a stomach virus. As the disease progresses, the following symptoms may become more pronounced:
- Persistent Indigestion: Ongoing discomfort or pain in the upper abdomen.
- Bloating After Eating: A sensation of fullness that occurs after eating even small amounts of food.
- Nausea and Vomiting: Persistent nausea and vomiting, sometimes with blood.
- Unexplained Weight Loss: Sudden weight loss without trying.
- Fatigue: Persistent tiredness and weakness.
- Difficulty Swallowing: As the tumor grows, it may obstruct the passage of food, making swallowing difficult.
Dr. Partha Mukhopadhyay emphasizes the importance of consulting a healthcare provider if any of these symptoms persist, as early diagnosis significantly improves treatment outcomes.
Risk Factors for Stomach Cancer
Several factors can increase the risk of developing stomach cancer:
- Helicobacter Pylori Infection: A bacterial infection in the stomach is a major risk factor for gastric cancer.
- Diet: A diet high in salty, smoked, or pickled foods and low in fruits and vegetables may contribute to the development of stomach cancer.
- Smoking: Tobacco use doubles the risk of stomach cancer, particularly in the upper part of the stomach.
- Family History: A family history of stomach cancer can increase risk.
- Chronic Gastritis: Long-term inflammation of the stomach lining can elevate the risk.
Treatment Options for Stomach Cancer
Treatment for stomach cancer depends on the stage of the disease, the location of the tumor, and the patient’s overall health. Dr. Partha Mukhopadhyay explains the primary treatment approaches:
- Surgery: The most common treatment, surgery involves removing part or all of the stomach (gastrectomy) along with nearby lymph nodes. In advanced cases, additional organs may also be removed.
- Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells or shrink tumors before surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) or to eliminate remaining cancer cells after surgery (adjuvant chemotherapy).
- Radiation Therapy: Often used in combination with chemotherapy, radiation therapy targets cancer cells with high-energy rays to destroy them.
- Targeted Therapy: In some cases, targeted drugs that specifically attack cancer cells with certain genetic markers are used to treat stomach cancer.
Conclusion
Stomach cancer is a serious condition that requires prompt and effective treatment. With advancements in medical technology and treatment options, patients have better chances of successful outcomes. Dr. Partha Mukhopadhyay, one of the best oncologists in Kolkata, is dedicated to providing personalized care and the latest treatment modalities for patients facing stomach cancer.
If you or a loved one are experiencing symptoms of stomach cancer or are at risk, seeking expert advice from a specialist like Dr. Partha Mukhopadhyay can make all the difference in achieving the best possible outcome.